VolumeTrend · Volume · Haugen and Baker (1996)

Volume Trend

Long minus short decile portfolio, value-weighted, market-adjusted. Quarterly, 1928Q3 to 2024Q4.

Expected return · posterior mean, % per year, averaged over the window
Next quarter
2026Q4
3.33%
95% interval 0.40% to 6.18%
Next year
2026Q4–2027Q3
3.33%
95% interval 0.39% to 6.19%
Next five years
2026Q4–2031Q3
3.33%
95% interval 0.32% to 6.24%

Forecast made 16 Sep 2026, conditioning on this portfolio's OAP returns, which end 2024Q4. The 7 quarters between then and 2026Q4 are unobserved and are integrated out under the model.

Cumulative market-adjusted return

+964% since 1928Q3 · log scale

Past performance, annualized

Window Mean Vol. Sharpe t
1928Q3–2024Q4 3.60% 14.92% 0.24 2.37
2020Q1–2024Q4 2.34% 14.39% 0.16 0.36
2024Q1–2024Q4 −12.42% 19.90% −0.62 −0.62

Forecast Sharpe ratio, annualized

Window Mean 95% interval P(neg)
2026Q4 0.22 0.03 – 0.41 0.01
2026Q4–2027Q3 0.22 0.03 – 0.42 0.01
2026Q4–2031Q3 0.22 0.02 – 0.42 0.02
Category
Volume
Form
Continuous
Data
Trading
Sorted on
Low minus high
Names per leg
208 long / 209 short median · 67 at the 10th pctile
Original sample
1979–1993