OperProfRD · Profitability · Ball et al. (2016)

Operating profitability R&D adjusted

Long minus short decile portfolio, value-weighted, market-adjusted. Quarterly, 1963Q3 to 2024Q4.

Expected return · posterior mean, % per year, averaged over the window
Next quarter
2026Q4
9.81%
95% interval 4.89% to 14.20%
Next year
2026Q4–2027Q3
9.60%
95% interval 4.66% to 14.10%
Next five years
2026Q4–2031Q3
8.77%
95% interval 3.67% to 13.65%

Forecast made 16 Sep 2026, conditioning on this portfolio's OAP returns, which end 2024Q4. The 7 quarters between then and 2026Q4 are unobserved and are integrated out under the model.

Cumulative market-adjusted return

+8,394% since 1963Q3 · log scale

Past performance, annualized

Window Mean Vol. Sharpe t
1963Q3–2024Q4 8.51% 15.81% 0.54 4.22
2020Q1–2024Q4 14.03% 23.19% 0.60 1.35
2024Q1–2024Q4 31.74% 32.30% 0.98 0.98

Forecast Sharpe ratio, annualized

Window Mean 95% interval P(neg)
2026Q4 0.63 0.31 – 0.91 <0.01
2026Q4–2027Q3 0.57 0.27 – 0.83 <0.01
2026Q4–2031Q3 0.42 0.17 – 0.66 <0.01
Category
Profitability
Form
Continuous
Data
Accounting
Sorted on
High minus low
Names per leg
320 long / 688 short median · 127 at the 10th pctile
Original sample
1963–2014